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1. Firefighting
In case of electrical fires, the following steps should be taken: 1. Deenergize the circuit. 2. Call the fire department. 3. Control or extinguish the fire, using the correct type of fire extinguisher. For combating electrical fires, use a CO2 (carbon dioxide) fire extinguisher and direct it toward the base of the flame. Carbon tetrachloride should never be used for firefighting since it changes to phosgene (a poisonous gas) upon contact with hot metal, and even in open air this creates a hazardous condition. The application of water to electrical fires is dangerous; the foam-type fire extinguishers should not be used since the foam is electrically conductive. In cases of cable fires in which the inner layers of insulation or insulation covered by armor are burning, the only positive method of preventing the fire from running the length of the cable is to cut the cable and separate the two ends. All power to the cable should be secured and the cable should be cut with a wooden handled ax or insulated cable cutter. Keep clear of the ends after they hve been cut. When selenium rectifiers burn out, fumes of selenium dioxide are libereated which cause an overpowering stench. The fumes are poisonous and should not be breathed. If a rectifier burns out, deenergize the equipment immediately and ventilate the area. Allow the damaged rectifier to cool before attempting any repairs. If possible, move the equipment containing it out of doors. Do not touch or handle the defective while it is hot since a skin burn might result, through which some of the selenium compound could be absorbed. Fires involving wood, paper, cloth, or explosives should be fought with water. Water works well on them. Therefore, advantage is taken of its inexpensiveness, availability, and safety in handling. A steady stream of water does not work in extinguishing fires involving substances like oil, gasoline, kerosene, or paint, because these substances will float on top of the water and keep right on burning. Also, a stream of water will scatter the burning liquid and spread the fire. For this reason, foam or fog must be used in fighting such fires.
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